Dị ka ngwá ọrụ a na-ahụkarị na omume ụlọ ọgwụ, multi-parameter ndidi nyochaa bụ ụdị mgbaàmà ndu maka ogologo oge, nchọpụta multi-parameter nke physiological na pathological ọnọdụ nke ndị ọrịa na ndị ọrịa dị oke egwu, na site na ozugbo na nyocha na nhazi nhazi. , Ngbanwe n'oge ka ọ bụrụ ozi ọhụụ, mkpu na-akpaghị aka na ndekọ akpaaka nke ihe ndị nwere ike ime ndụ. Na mgbakwunye na ịlele na nyochaa physiological paramita nke ndị ọrịa, ọ nwekwara ike nyochaa ma na-emeso ọnọdụ nke ndị ọrịa tupu na mgbe ọgwụ na ịwa ahụ, n'oge na-achọpụta mgbanwe na ọnọdụ nke ndị ọrịa siri ike, na-enye ihe ndabere ndabere maka ndị dọkịta ka ndị dọkịta. chọpụta nke ọma ma chepụta atụmatụ ahụike, si otú a na-ebelata oke ọnwụ nke ndị ọrịa nwere nnukwu ọrịa.
Site na mmepe nke teknụzụ, ihe nleba anya nke ndị na-ahụ maka ndị ọrịa na-ahụ maka multi-parameter amụbawo site na usoro ọbara na-eku ume, ụjọ, metabolic na usoro ndị ọzọ.A na-agbasawanye modul ahụ site na modul ECG nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe (ECG), modul iku ume (RESP), modul oxygen saturation modul (SpO2), modul ọbara mgbali na-adịghị vasive (NIBP) na modul okpomọkụ (TEMP), modul ọbara mgbali elu (IBP) , modul nchụpụ obi obi (CO), modul na-aga n'ihu na-enwe obi mgbawa (ICG), na njedebe ume carbon dioxide modul (EtCO2), electroencephalogram monitoring module (EEG), anesthesia gas monitoring module (AG), transcutaneous gas monitoring modul, anesthesia modul nlekota omimi (BIS), modul nlekota ntụrụndụ muscle (NMT), modul nlekota hemodynamics (PiCCO), modul usoro iku ume.
Na-esote, a ga-ekewa ya n'ọtụtụ akụkụ iji webata ndabere physiological, ụkpụrụ, mmepe na ngwa nke modul ọ bụla.Ka anyị malite na modul electrocardiogram (ECG).
1: Usoro nke mmepụta electrocardiogram
Cardiomyocytes ekesa na sinus node, atrioventricular junction, atrioventricular traktị na alaka ya na-emepụta eletriki ọrụ n'oge mkpali na-emepụta ọkụ eletrik n'ime ahụ. Ịtụnye electrode nyocha igwe n'ime ọkụ eletrik a (ebe ọ bụla n'ime ahụ) nwere ike ịdekọ adịghị ike ugbu a. Ebe eletrik na-agbanwe mgbe niile ka oge mmegharị ahụ na-agbanwe.
N'ihi njirimara eletrik dị iche iche nke anụ ahụ na akụkụ dị iche iche nke ahụ, electrodes nyocha na akụkụ dị iche iche dekọtara mgbanwe dị iche iche nwere ike ime na okirikiri obi ọ bụla. A na-eme ka obere mgbanwe ndị a dịkwuo elu ma dekọọ ya site na electrocardiograph, usoro nke si na ya pụta bụ nke a na-akpọ electrocardio-gram (ECG). A na-edekọ electrocardiogram ọdịnala site n'elu ahụ, nke a na-akpọ elu electrocardiogram.
2: Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke teknụzụ electrocardiogram
Na 1887, Waller, prọfesọ nke physiology na Mary's Hospital nke Royal Society of England, dekọtara nke ọma ikpe mbụ nke electrocardiogram mmadụ na capillary electrometer, ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ naanị V1 na V2 ebili mmiri nke ventricle ka edere na ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ, na ebili mmiri P. edekọghị ya. Mana nnukwu ọrụ na-amịpụta nke Waller kpaliri Willem Einthoven, onye nọ na ndị na-ege ntị, wee tọọ ntọala maka iwebata teknụzụ electrocardiogram n'ikpeazụ.
--------------------------------- (AugustusDisire Walle) --------------------------------- ----------------- (Waller dekọtara electrocardiogram mmadụ mbụ) ----------------------------------- --------------------------------- (Capillary electrometer) ------------
N'ime afọ 13 sochirinụ, Einthoven tinyere onwe ya kpam kpam na nyocha nke electrocardiogram nke ndị electrometer capillary dekọrọ. Ọ kwalitere ọtụtụ usoro isi, nke ọma na-eji eriri galvanometer, electrocardiogram elu ahụ edekọ na ihe nkiri foto, o dekọrọ electrocardiogram gosipụtara ebili mmiri P, ventricular depolarization B, C na repolarization D wave. Na 1903, a malitere iji electrocardiograms mee ihe n'ụlọ ọgwụ. Na 1906, Einthoven dekọrọ electrocardiograms nke atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter na ventricular akaghi aka iti aka iso. N'afọ 1924, Einthoven nwetara ihe nrite Nobel na nkà mmụta ọgwụ maka imepụta ihe ndekọ electrocardiogram ya.
------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------- Ezi electrocardiogram zuru oke nke Einthoven dekọrọ------ ------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------
3: Mmepe na ụkpụrụ nke usoro ndu
N'afọ 1906, Einthoven tụpụtara echiche nke ụzọ ụkwụ bipolar. Mgbe ijikọ electrodes ndekọ na ogwe aka nri, aka ekpe na ụkwụ aka ekpe nke ndị ọrịa na ụzọ abụọ, ọ nwere ike ịdekọ bipolar limb led electrocardiogram (edu I, lead II na lead III) na njupụta dị elu na ụkpụrụ kwụsiri ike. N'afọ 1913, e webatara electrocardiogram ọkọlọtọ bipolar ọkọlọtọ, ma ejiri ya naanị ya ruo afọ 20.
N'afọ 1933, Wilson mechara mechaa electrocardiogram ụzọ unipolar, nke kpebisiri ike na ọnọdụ efu efu na ọdụ eletrik etiti dị ka iwu Kirchhoff si dị ugbu a, ma guzobe usoro 12-edu ndú nke netwọk Wilson.
Otú ọ dị, na Wilson's 12-lead system, electrocardiogram waveform amplitude nke 3 unipolar limb eduga VL, VR na VF dị ala, nke na-adịghị mfe ịlele na ịhụ mgbanwe. N'afọ 1942, Goldberger mere nyocha ọzọ, na-ebute ụzọ ụkwụ na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ka na-eji taa: aVL, aVR, na aVF.
N'oge a, ewepụtara ọkọlọtọ 12-edu ndú maka ịdekọ ECG: 3 bipolar limb lead (Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Einthoven, 1913), 6 unipolar ara edu (V1-V6, Wilson, 1933), na 3 unipolar mkpakọ. Ntụnye aka (aVL, aVR, aVF, Goldberger, 1942).
4: Otu esi enweta akara ngosi ECG dị mma
1. Nkwadebe akpụkpọ anụ. Ebe ọ bụ na akpụkpọ ahụ bụ onye nduzi na-adịghị mma, ọgwụgwọ kwesịrị ekwesị nke akpụkpọ anụ onye ọrịa ebe a na-etinye electrodes dị mkpa iji nweta ezigbo ọkụ eletrik ECG. Họrọ ndị dị larịị nwere obere akwara
Ekwesịrị ịgwọ akpụkpọ ahụ dịka ụzọ ndị a si dị: ① Wepu ntutu anụ ahụ ebe etinyere electrode. Jiri nwayọọ na-ete akpụkpọ ahụ ebe a na-etinye electrode iji wepụ mkpụrụ ndụ akpụkpọ ahụ nwụrụ anwụ. ③ Jiri mmiri ncha sachaa akpụkpọ ahụ nke ọma (ejila ether na mmanya dị ọcha, n'ihi na nke a ga-eme ka akpụkpọ ahụ dịkwuo elu). ④ Kwe ka akpụkpọ ahụ kpoo kpamkpam tupu itinye electrode ahụ. ⑤ Wụnye clamps ma ọ bụ bọtịnụ tupu ịtụba electrodes na onye ọrịa.
2. Lezienụ anya na nrụzi waya na-eduzi obi, machibido ịfefe na ịpị waya ndu, gbochie mkpuchi mkpuchi nke waya ndu ka ọ ghara imebi ya, na-ehichapụkwa unyi dị na clip ma ọ bụ eriri ndu n'oge iji gbochie ikuku oxidation.
Oge nzipu: Ọktoba 12-2023
